Atmospheric convection

Conditions favorable for thunderstorm types and complexes. Technical terms and abbreviations appearing (e.g., in axis labels) are shear, AGL,[clarification needed] CAPE,[clarification needed] and BR (bulk Richardson [number]).[jargon][citation needed]

Atmospheric convection is the result of a parcel-environment instability (temperature difference layer) in the atmosphere.[jargon] Different lapse rates within dry and moist air masses lead to instability.[jargon] Mixing of air during the day expands the height of the planetary boundary layer,[jargon] leading to increased winds, cumulus cloud development, and decreased surface dew points. Convection involving moist air masses leads to thunderstorm development, which is often responsible for severe weather throughout the world. Special threats from thunderstorms include hail, downbursts, and tornadoes.