Newcastle upon Tyne | |
---|---|
Nickname: The Toon | |
Motto(s): | |
Coordinates: 54°58′41″N 1°36′37″W / 54.9780°N 1.6102°W[1] | |
OS grid reference | NZ 2504 6489[1] |
Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
Country | England |
Region | North East |
City region | North of Tyne |
Ceremonial county | Tyne and Wear |
Historic county | Northumberland |
Founded | 2nd century AD |
City status | 1882 |
Metropolitan borough | 1 April 1974 |
Administrative HQ | Newcastle Civic Centre |
Government | |
• Type | Metropolitan borough with leader and cabinet |
• Body | Newcastle City Council |
• Control | Labour |
• Leader | Nick Kemp (L) |
• Lord Mayor | Veronica Dunn |
• Chief Executive | Pam Smith |
• House of Commons | 3 MPs |
Area | |
• Total | 44 sq mi (115 km2) |
• Land | 43.8 sq mi (113.5 km2) |
• Rank | 182nd |
Population (2021)[4] | |
• Total | 298,264 |
• Rank | 47th |
• Density | 6,810/sq mi (2,629/km2) |
Demonyms | |
Ethnicity (2021) | |
• Ethnic groups | |
Religion (2021) | |
• Religion | List
|
Time zone | UTC+0 (GMT) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+1 (BST) |
Postcode area |
|
Dialling code | 0191 |
ISO 3166 code | GB-NET |
GSS code | E08000021 |
ITL code | TLC22 |
GVA | 2021 estimate[6] |
• Total | £9.5 billion |
• Per capita | £31,700 |
GDP (nominal) | 2021 estimate[6] |
• Total | £10.5 billion |
• Per capita | £35,070 |
Website | newcastle |
Newcastle upon Tyne, or simply Newcastle (/njuːˈkæsəl/ ⓘ new-KASS-əl, RP: /ˈnjuːkɑːsəl/ ⓘ NEW-kah-səl),[7] is a cathedral city and metropolitan borough in Tyne and Wear, England. It is England's northernmost metropolitan borough, located on the River Tyne's northern bank opposite Gateshead to the south. It is the most populous settlement in the Tyneside conurbation and North East England.[8]
Newcastle developed around a Roman settlement called Pons Aelius.[9] The settlement became known as Monkchester before taking on the name of a castle built in 1080 by William the Conqueror's eldest son, Robert Curthose. It was one of the world's largest ship building and repair centres during the industrial revolution.[10] Newcastle was part of the county of Northumberland until 1400, when it separated and formed a county of itself.[11][12][13][14] In 1974, Newcastle became part of Tyne and Wear. Since 2018, the city council has been part of the North of Tyne Combined Authority.
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