Datura stramonium

Jimsonweed
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Solanales
Family: Solanaceae
Genus: Datura
Species:
D. stramonium
Binomial name
Datura stramonium
Synonyms[1]
Synonymy
  • Datura bernhardii (Lundstr.)
  • Datura bertolonii (Parl. ex Guss.)
  • Datura cabanesii (P.Fourn.)
  • Datura capensis (Bernh.)
  • Datura ferocissima (Cabanès & P.Fourn.)
  • Datura ferox (Nees 1834 not L. 1756)
  • Datura hybrida (Ten.)
  • Datura inermis (Juss. ex Jacq.)
  • Datura laevis (L.f.)
  • Datura loricata (Sieber ex Bernh.)
  • Datura lurida (Salisb.)
  • Datura microcarpa (Godr.)
  • Datura muricata (Godr. 1873 not Bernh. 1818 nor Link 1821)
  • Datura parviflora (Salisb.)
  • Datura praecox (Godr.)
  • Datura pseudostramonium (Sieber ex Bernh.)
  • Datura tatula (L.)
  • Datura wallichii (Dunal)
  • Stramonium foetidum (Scop.)
  • Stramonium laeve (Moench)
  • Stramonium spinosum (Lam.)
  • Stramonium tatula (Moench)
  • Stramonium vulgare (Moench)
  • Stramonium vulgatum (Gaertn.)

Datura stramonium, known by the common names thorn apple, jimsonweed (jimson weed), devil's snare, or devil's trumpet,[2] is a poisonous flowering plant of the nightshade family Solanaceae. It is a species belonging to the Datura genus and Daturae tribe.[3] Its likely origin was in Central America,[2][4] and it has been introduced in many world regions.[5][6][7] It is an aggressive invasive weed in temperate climates and tropical climates across the world.[2] D. stramonium has frequently been employed in traditional medicine to treat a variety of ailments. It has also been used as a hallucinogen (of the anticholinergic/antimuscarinic, deliriant type), taken entheogenically to cause intense, sacred or occult visions.[2][8] It is unlikely ever to become a major drug of abuse owing to effects upon both mind and body frequently perceived as being highly unpleasant, giving rise to a state of profound and long-lasting disorientation or delirium (anticholinergic syndrome) with a potentially fatal outcome. It contains tropane alkaloids which are responsible for the psychoactive effects, and may be severely toxic.[2][9]

  1. ^ "Datura stramonium L. – The Plant List". theplantlist.org. Retrieved 20 June 2020.
  2. ^ a b c d e "Datura stramonium (jimsonweed)". CABI. 21 November 2018. Retrieved 6 May 2019.
  3. ^ "GRIN Genera of Solanaceae tribe Datureae". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from the original on 17 February 2013. Retrieved 12 December 2012.
  4. ^ "Datura stramonium in Flora of China @ efloras.org". efloras.org. Retrieved 16 August 2017.
  5. ^ "Datura stramonium". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 5 February 2008.
  6. ^ "Biota of North America Program, 2014 county distribution map". bonap.net.
  7. ^ Australia, Atlas of Living. "Datura stramonium: Common thornapple | Atlas of Living Australia". bie.ala.org.au. Retrieved 16 August 2017.
  8. ^ Schultes, Richard Evans; Albert Hofmann (1979). Plants of the Gods: Origins of Hallucinogenic Use New York: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-07-056089-7.
  9. ^ Glatstein, Miguel; Alabdulrazzaq, Fatoumah; Scolnik, Dennis (2016). "Belladonna Alkaloid Intoxication". American Journal of Therapeutics. 23 (1): e74–e77. doi:10.1097/01.mjt.0000433940.91996.16. ISSN 1075-2765. PMID 24263161. S2CID 10336715.