CYP3A4

CYP3A4
Available structures PDB Human UniProt search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1TQN, 1W0E, 1W0F, 1W0G, 2J0D, 2V0M, 3NXU, 3TJS, 3UA1, 4I3Q, 4I4G, 4I4H, 4K9T, 4K9U, 4K9V, 4K9W, 4K9X, 4NY4, 5A1P, 5A1R, 4D6Z, 4D75, 4D78, 4D7D
Identifiers
Aliases	CYP3A4, CP33, CP34, CYP3A, CYP3A3, CYPIIIA3, CYPIIIA4, HLP, NF-25, P450C3, P450PCN1, cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A member 4, VDDR3
External IDs	OMIM: 124010 HomoloGene: 111391 GeneCards: CYP3A4
EC number	1.14.13.32
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 7 (human)[1] Band 7q22.1 Start 99,756,960 bp[1] End 99,784,248 bp[1]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in jejunal mucosa liver right lobe of liver duodenum olfactory bulb pancreatic epithelial cell pancreatic ductal cell Region I of hippocampus proper inferior ganglion of vagus nerve ventral tegmental area n/a More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function metal ion binding heme binding caffeine oxidase activity testosterone 6-beta-hydroxylase activity oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen steroid binding vitamin D3 25-hydroxylase activity steroid hydroxylase activity vitamin D 24-hydroxylase activity oxygen binding enzyme binding iron ion binding oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen monooxygenase activity oxidoreductase activity estrogen 16-alpha-hydroxylase activity Cellular component cytoplasm integral component of membrane membrane endoplasmic reticulum organelle membrane endoplasmic reticulum membrane intracellular membrane-bounded organelle Biological process xenobiotic metabolic process heterocycle metabolic process oxidative demethylation monoterpenoid metabolic process steroid catabolic process androgen metabolic process alkaloid catabolic process vitamin D metabolic process lipid metabolism calcitriol biosynthetic process from calciol lipid hydroxylation steroid metabolic process long-chain fatty acid biosynthetic process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 1576 n/a Ensembl ENSG00000160868 n/a UniProt P08684 n/a RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001202855 NM_001202856 NM_001202857 NM_017460 n/a RefSeq (protein) NP_001189784 NP_059488 n/a Location (UCSC) Chr 7: 99.76 – 99.78 Mb n/a PubMed search [2] n/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Cytochrome P450 3A4 (abbreviated CYP3A4) (EC 1.14.13.97) is an important enzyme in the body, mainly found in the liver and in the intestine, which in humans is encoded by CYP3A4 gene. It oxidizes small foreign organic molecules (xenobiotics), such as toxins or drugs, so that they can be removed from the body. It is highly homologous to CYP3A5, another important CYP3A enzyme.

While many drugs are deactivated by CYP3A4, there are also some drugs that are activated by the enzyme. Some substances, such as some drugs and furanocoumarins present in grapefruit juice, interfere with the action of CYP3A4. These substances will, therefore, either amplify or weaken the action of those drugs that are modified by CYP3A4.

CYP3A4 is a member of the cytochrome P450 family of oxidizing enzymes. Several other members of this family are also involved in drug metabolism, but CYP3A4 is the most common and the most versatile one. Like all members of this family, it is a hemoprotein, i.e. a protein containing a heme group with an iron atom. In humans, the CYP3A4 protein is encoded by the CYP3A4 gene.^[3] This gene is part of a cluster of cytochrome P450 genes on chromosome 7q22.1.^[4] Previously another CYP3A gene, CYP3A3, was thought to exist; however, it is now thought that this sequence represents a transcript variant of CYP3A4. Alternatively-spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified.^[5]