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Humanitarianism

Not to be confused with humanism.

Volunteers from AmeriCorps in Louisiana

Humanitarianism is an ideology centered on the value of human life, whereby humans practice benevolent treatment and provide assistance to other humans to reduce suffering and improve the conditions of humanity for moral, altruistic, and emotional reasons.

One aspect involves voluntary emergency aid overlapping with human rights advocacy, actions taken by governments, development assistance, and domestic philanthropy. Other critical issues include correlation with religious beliefs, motivation of aid between altruism and social control, market affinity, imperialism and neo-colonialism, gender and class relations, and humanitarian agencies.[1] A practitioner is known as a humanitarian.

While humanitarianism on a local and national level can be traced far back in history, scholars of international politics tend to identify the advent of global humanitarian impulses to the 19th century.[2][3] The creation of the International Red Cross in 1863 is considered a key juncture in global humanitarianism.[2] The scope of humanitarianism has expanded over time alongside shifting perceptions of who counts as "human" and whose lives are worth saving.[2][3]

  1. ^ Götz, Norbert; Brewis, Georgina; Werther, Steffen (2020). Humanitarianism in the Modern World: The Moral Economy of Famine Relief. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/9781108655903. ISBN 9781108655903. p. 3
  2. ^ a b c Barnett, Michael (2011). Empire of Humanity: A History of Humanitarianism. Cornell University Press. doi:10.7591/j.ctt7z8ns. ISBN 978-0-8014-4713-6.
  3. ^ a b Finnemore, Martha (2003). The Purpose of Intervention: Changing Beliefs about the Use of Force. Cornell University Press. doi:10.7591/j.ctt24hg32. ISBN 978-0-8014-3845-5.