history of programming languages spans from documentation of early mechanical computers to modern tools for software development. Early programming languagesindex to notable programming languages, in current or historical use. Dialects of BASIC, esoteric programming languages, and markup languages are not includedHistory of Programming Languages (HOPL) is an infrequent ACM SIGPLAN conference. Past conferences were held in 1978, 1993, and 2007. The fourth conferencefunctional programming is a programming paradigm where programs are constructed by applying and composing functions. It is a declarative programming paradigmthe history of language design. According to the HOPL online database of languages, out of the 8,500+ programming languages recorded, roughly 2,400 of themrecord of notable programming languages, by decade. History of computing hardware History of programming languages Programming language Timeline of computing characterization, and classification of formal languages known as programming languages. Programming language theory is closely related to other fieldsThis is a list of notable programming languages, grouped by type. There is no overarching classification scheme for programming languages. Thus, in many The majority of practical programming languages are Turing complete, and all Turing complete languages can implement the same set of algorithms. ANSI/ISOthe top two languages in the TIOBE index, a measure of the popularity of programming languages. C is an imperative, procedural language in the ALGOLproof of concept, as software art, as a hacking interface to another language (particularly functional programming or procedural programming languages), or(historically LISP, an abbreviation of "list processing") is a family of programming languages with a long history and a distinctive, fully parenthesizedselection of commonly used programming languages. See the individual languages' articles for further information. Most programming languages will print"genealogy" of programming languages. Languages are categorized under the ancestor language with the strongest influence. Those ancestor languages are listedISBN 9780596550714. Ritchie, Dennis M. (1993). "The Development of the C Language". History of Programming Languages, 2nd Edition. Retrieved 2018-11-11. "Leap In andProgramming Languages: History and Fundamentals is a book about programming languages written by Jean E. Sammet. Published in 1969, the book gives ancomputer science, imperative programming is a programming paradigm of software that uses statements that change a program's state. In much the same wayhigh-level programming language is a programming language with strong abstraction from the details of the computer. In contrast to low-level programming languagesThe C-family programming languages share significant features of the C programming language. Many were developmentally influenced by C due to its successprogramming languages, but more complicated or domain-specific features were not included; rather, it included mechanisms for extending the language,development of concept modeling, spreadsheets, functional programming, and computer math packages. It has also inspired several other programming languages. Acommonly used programming languages in 2021. One argument in favor of using general-purpose programming languages over domain-specific languages is that moreProceedings of the third ACM SIGPLAN conference on History of programming languages. ISBN 978-1-59593-766-7. "How tech giants spread open source programming loveComputer programming portal Free and open-source software portal Python syntax and semantics pip (package manager) List of programming languages History of programmingcombination with imperative programming, procedural programming and functional programming. Significant object-oriented languages include Ada, ActionScriptconsidered one of the main standard languages. It offers several paradigms of programming like vectorial computation, functional programming and object-orientedWhile a general-purpose programming language, ML is used heavily in programming language research and is one of the few languages to be completely specifieddecades of computing, it was commonplace for both systems programming and application programming to take place entirely in assembly language. While stilltraditional compiled languages. Java gained popularity shortly after its release, and has been a very popular programming language since then. Java waswhole. Comparison of programming languages History of programming languages List of programming languages List of programming languages by type Includingprogramming productivity in an era of multicore, networked machines and large codebases. The designers wanted to address criticism of other languagesgeneral-purpose programming language that supports both object-oriented programming and functional programming. Designed to be concise, many of Scala's designlanguages and programming models. Some programming language researchers criticise the notion of paradigms as a classification of programming languages, e.g. Harperintroductory language because the creation of interesting programs is relatively easy, and skills learned can be applied to other programming languages such asrefer to dynamic high-level programming languages in general; some are strictly interpreted languages, while others use a form of compilation. In this contextCLU is a programming language created at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) by Barbara Liskov and her students starting in 1973. While itconcurrent and parallel programming languages, categorizing them by a defining paradigm. Concurrent and parallel programming languages involve multiple timelinesdeclarative programming is a programming paradigm—a style of building the structure and elements of computer programs—that expresses the logic of a computationspecifications of procedures, by writing code in one or more programming languages. Programmers typically use high-level programming languages that are moreSNOBOL ("StriNg Oriented and symBOlic Language") is a series of programming languages developed between 1962 and 1967 at AT&T Bell Laboratories by DavidIn computer programming, one of the many ways that programming languages are colloquially classified is whether the language's type system makes it stronglyLogic programming is a programming, database and knowledge representation paradigm based on formal logic. A logic program is a set of sentences in logicalobject-oriented (class-based), and component-oriented programming disciplines. The C# programming language was designed by Anders Hejlsberg from Microsoft inDijkstra refers to these languages as machine oriented high order languages, or mohol. General-purpose programming languages tend to focus on genericconcurrent programming languages have been developed more as research languages (e.g. Pict) rather than as languages for production use. However, languages suchdataflow principles and architecture. Dataflow programming languages share some features of functional languages, and were generally developed in order tofunctional programming languages existed. Miranda was the most widely used, but it was proprietary software. At the conference on Functional Programming Languagesthird-generation programming languages (3GL). Each of the programming language generations aims to provide a higher level of abstraction of the internal computerprogramming, array programming, modular programming, generic programming (Fortran 90), parallel computing (Fortran 95), object-oriented programming (Fortrancomputer program that translates computer code written in one programming language (the source language) into another language (the target language). The
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