20 results found for: “glutamate_dehydrogenase”.

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Glutamate dehydrogenase

Glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH, GDH) is an enzyme observed in both prokaryotes and eukaryotic mitochondria. The aforementioned reaction also yields ammonia...

Last Update: 2023-08-26T14:17:00Z Word Count : 1611 Synonim Glutamate dehydrogenase

Glutamate dehydrogenase 1

GLUD1 (glutamate dehydrogenase 1) is a mitochondrial matrix enzyme, one of the family of glutamate dehydrogenases that are ubiquitous in life, with a key...

Last Update: 2023-12-03T00:32:20Z Word Count : 3043 Synonim Glutamate dehydrogenase 1

Glutamate dehydrogenase (NADP+)

dehydrogenase, L-glutamate dehydrogenase, L-glutamic acid dehydrogenase, NAD(P)+-glutamate dehydrogenase, NAD(P)H-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase,...

Last Update: 2023-08-26T14:17:06Z Word Count : 213 Synonim Glutamate dehydrogenase (NADP+)

Glutamate–glutamine cycle

produced in neurons is fixed into α-ketoglutarate by the glutamate-dehydrogenase reaction to form glutamate, then transaminated by alanine aminotransferase into...

Last Update: 2023-12-11T00:53:12Z Word Count : 1461 Synonim Glutamate–glutamine cycle

Glutamic acid

undergoes deamination, an oxidative reaction catalysed by glutamate dehydrogenase, as follows: glutamate + H2O + NADP+ → α-ketoglutarate + NADPH + NH3 + H+ Ammonia...

Last Update: 2024-03-22T07:28:04Z Word Count : 3211 Synonim Glutamic acid

Glutamate (neurotransmitter)

In neuroscience, glutamate is the anion of glutamic acid in its role as a neurotransmitter (a chemical that nerve cells use to send signals to other cells)...

Last Update: 2024-02-05T10:32:54Z Word Count : 2177 Synonim Glutamate (neurotransmitter)

ELFV dehydrogenase

molecular biology, the ELFV dehydrogenase family of enzymes include glutamate, leucine, phenylalanine and valine dehydrogenases. These enzymes are structurally...

Last Update: 2022-06-21T13:45:02Z Word Count : 666 Synonim ELFV dehydrogenase

Oxidative deamination

in cells involves the amino acid glutamate, which can be oxidatively deaminated by the enzyme glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), using NAD or NADP as a coenzyme...

Last Update: 2024-03-13T14:27:01Z Word Count : 395 Synonim Oxidative deamination

Amino acid synthesis

reversible nature of the transamination and glutamate dehydrogenase reactions. The conversion of glutamate to glutamine is regulated by glutamine synthetase...

Last Update: 2024-02-25T22:12:36Z Word Count : 3929 Synonim Amino acid synthesis

Dehydrogenase

all dehydrogenases in maintaining body homeostasis. acetaldehyde dehydrogenase alcohol dehydrogenase Delta12-fatty acid dehydrogenase glutamate dehydrogenase...

Last Update: 2024-03-02T00:55:55Z Word Count : 2153 Synonim Dehydrogenase

Malaria antigen detection tests

suitable as target for such a test was a soluble glycolytic enzyme Glutamate dehydrogenase. None of the rapid tests are currently as sensitive as a thick...

Last Update: 2023-08-29T17:18:05Z Word Count : 1971 Synonim Malaria antigen detection tests

Glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD(P)+)

Glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD(P)+) (EC 1.4.1.3, glutamic dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+]) is an enzyme with systematic name L-glutamate:NAD(P)+...

Last Update: 2023-08-26T14:17:03Z Word Count : 153 Synonim Glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD(P)+)

GLUD2

Glutamate dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial, also known as GDH 2, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GLUD2 gene. This dehydrogenase is one of...

Last Update: 2024-01-22T05:31:18Z Word Count : 936 Synonim GLUD2

Α-Ketoglutaric acid

transamination of glutamate, or through action of glutamate dehydrogenase on glutamate.[citation needed] Glutamine is synthesized from glutamate by glutamine...

Last Update: 2024-03-06T23:10:16Z Word Count : 1320 Synonim Α-Ketoglutaric acid

Urea cycle

is produced by the enzyme glutamate dehydrogenase in the conversion of glutamate to ammonium and α-ketoglutarate. Glutamate is the non-toxic carrier of...

Last Update: 2023-11-06T09:24:56Z Word Count : 2139 Synonim Urea cycle

Theanine

N5-ethyl-L-glutamine, is an amino acid analogue of the proteinogenic amino acids L-glutamate and L-glutamine and is found primarily in particular plant and fungal...

Last Update: 2024-03-25T22:09:55Z Word Count : 2092 Synonim Theanine

Alanine

are converted by glutamate dehydrogenase to glutamate, NAD+ and water. In the second step, the amino group of the newly formed glutamate is transferred...

Last Update: 2024-03-04T01:36:28Z Word Count : 2180 Synonim Alanine

GLUDP5

Glutamate dehydrogenase pseudogene 5, also known as GLUDP5, is a human gene. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information...

Last Update: 2023-08-13T09:42:18Z Word Count : 781 Synonim GLUDP5

Glutaminolysis

of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate three different reactions are possible: Catalyzing enzymes: glutamate dehydrogenase (GlDH), EC 1.4.1.2 glutamate pyruvate...

Last Update: 2024-03-05T16:12:24Z Word Count : 1487 Synonim Glutaminolysis

Nitrogen assimilation

Jouglet, T.; Suzuki, A. (2006). "Glutamine Synthetase-Glutamate Synthase Pathway and Glutamate Dehydrogenase Play Distinct Roles in the Sink-Source Nitrogen...

Last Update: 2023-12-27T06:41:15Z Word Count : 1976 Synonim Nitrogen assimilation

Main result

Glutamate dehydrogenase

Glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH, GDH) is an enzyme observed in both prokaryotes and eukaryotic mitochondria. The aforementioned reaction also yields ammonia, which in eukaryotes is canonically processed as a substrate in the urea cycle. Typically, the α-ketoglutarate to glutamate reaction does not occur in mammals, as glutamate dehydrogenase equilibrium favours the production of ammonia and α-ketoglutarate. Glutamate dehydrogenase also has a very low affinity for ammonia (high Michaelis constant Km{\displaystyle K_{m}} of about 1 mM), and therefore toxic levels of ammonia would have to be present in the body for the reverse reaction to proceed (that is, α-ketoglutarate and ammonia to glutamate and NAD(P)+). However, in brain, the NAD+/NADH ratio in brain mitochondria encourages oxidative deamination (i.e. glutamate to α-ketoglutarate and ammonia). In bacteria, the ammonia is assimilated to amino acids via glutamate and aminotransferases. In plants, the enzyme can work in either direction depending on environment and stress. Transgenic plants expressing microbial GLDHs are improved in tolerance to herbicide, water deficit, and pathogen infections. They are more nutritionally valuable.The enzyme represents a key link between catabolic and anabolic pathways, and is, therefore, ubiquitous in eukaryotes. In humans the relevant genes are called GLUD1 (glutamate dehydrogenase 1) and GLUD2 (glutamate dehydrogenase 2), and there are also at least 8 GLDH pseudogenes in the human genome as well, probably reflecting microbial influences on eukaryote evolution.


glutamate_dehydrogenase
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