Odia language

Odia
ଓଡ଼ିଆ
The word "Odia" in Odia script
Pronunciation[oˈɽia]
Native toIndia
RegionOdisha[a]
EthnicityOdias
Native speakers
L1: 35 million (2011–2019)[1][2]
L2: 3.6 million[1]
Early forms
Prakrit
Dialects
Official status
Official language in
Regulated byOdisha Sahitya Akademi, Government of Odisha[6]
Language codes
ISO 639-1or
ISO 639-2ori
ISO 639-3ori – inclusive code
Individual codes:
ory – Odia
spv – Sambalpuri
ort – Adivasi Odia (Kotia)
dso – Desiya (duplicate of [ort])[7]
Glottologmacr1269  Macro-Oriya (Odra)
oriy1255  Odia
  Odia majority or plurality
  Significant Odia minority

Odia /əˈdə/[8] (ଓଡ଼ିଆ, ISO: Oṛiā, pronounced [oˈɽia] ;[9] formerly rendered as Oriya /ɒˈrə/) is an Indo-Aryan classical spoken in the Indian state of Odisha. It is the official language in Odisha (formerly rendered as Orissa),[10] where native speakers make up 82% of the population,[11] and it is also spoken in parts of West Bengal,[12] Jharkhand, Andhra Pradesh and Chhattisgarh.[13] Odia is one of the many official languages of India; it is the official language of Odisha and the second official language of Jharkhand.[14][15][16]

Trilingual Signboard at Bhubaneswar Airport having text in Odia, Hindi and English

Odia is the sixth Indian language to be designated a classical language, on the basis of having a long literary history and not having borrowed extensively from other languages.[17][18][19][20] The earliest known inscription in Odia dates back to the 10th century CE.[21]


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  1. ^ a b Odia language at Ethnologue (22nd ed., 2019) Closed access icon
  2. ^ "Scheduled Languages in descending order of speaker's strength – 2011" (PDF). Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India.
  3. ^ "Jharkhand gives second language status to Magahi, Angika, Bhojpuri and Maithili". The Avenue Mail. 21 March 2018. Archived from the original on 28 March 2019. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
  4. ^ "West Bengal Official Language Act, 1961". www.bareactslive.com. Retrieved 17 September 2020.
  5. ^ Roy, Anirban (28 February 2018). "Kamtapuri, Rajbanshi make it to list of official languages in". India Today. Archived from the original on 30 March 2018. Retrieved 30 March 2018.
  6. ^ "Odisha Sahitya Academy". Department of Culture, Government of Odisha. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 9 March 2016.
  7. ^ Hammarström (2015) Ethnologue 16/17/18th editions: a comprehensive review: online appendices
  8. ^ "Odia", Lexico.
  9. ^ "PRS | Bill Track | The Constitution (113th Amendment) Bill, 2010". www.prsindia.org. Retrieved 31 January 2018.
  10. ^ "Constitution amended: Orissa is Odisha, Oriya is Odia". Hindustan Times. 6 September 2011. Retrieved 31 January 2018.
  11. ^ Mahapatra, B. P. (2002). Linguistic Survey of India: Orissa (PDF). Kolkata, India: Language Division, Office of the Registrar General. p. 14. Retrieved 20 February 2014.
  12. ^ "Ordeal of Oriya-speaking students in West Bengal to end soon". The Hindu. 21 May 2009. Retrieved 30 January 2019.
  13. ^ "Govt to provide study facility to Odia-speaking people in State". The Pioneer. Retrieved 30 January 2019.
  14. ^ "Oriya gets its due in neighbouring state- Orissa". IBNLive. 4 September 2011. Archived from the original on 15 August 2012. Retrieved 29 November 2012.
  15. ^ Naresh Chandra Pattanayak (1 September 2011). "Oriya second language in Jharkhand". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 7 July 2012.
  16. ^ "Bengali, Oriya among 12 dialects as 2nd language in Jharkhand". daily.bhaskar.com. 31 August 2011. Retrieved 29 November 2012.
  17. ^ "Classical Language: Odia" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 November 2015. Retrieved 9 December 2018.
  18. ^ "Odia gets classical language status". The Hindu. 20 February 2014. Retrieved 20 February 2014.
  19. ^ "Odia becomes sixth classical language". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 29 March 2015.
  20. ^ "Milestone for state as Odia gets classical language status". The Times of India. 21 February 2014. Retrieved 29 March 2015.
  21. ^ Pattanayak, Debi Prasanna; Prusty, Subrat Kumar. Classical Odia (PDF). Bhubaneswar: KIS Foundation. p. 54. Retrieved 26 July 2016.