Texas in the American Civil War

Texas
Nickname(s): "The Lone Star State"

The Confederate States of America
Map of the Confederate States
CapitalAustin
Largest cityHouston
Admitted to the ConfederacyMarch 23, 1861 (4th)
Population
  • 604,215 total
  •  • 421,649 (69.78%) free
  •  • 182,566 (30.22%) slave
Forces supplied
  • - Confederate troops: 70,000

    - Union troops: 2,000[1] total
Major garrisons/armoriesGalveston Harbor
GovernorSam Houston
Edward Clark
Francis Lubbock
Pendleton Murrah
Lieutenant GovernorJohn McClannahan Crockett
Fletcher Stockdale
SenatorsWilliam Simpson Oldham, Sr.
Louis Trezevant Wigfall
RepresentativesList
Restored to the UnionMarch 30, 1870

Texas declared its secession from the Union on February 1, 1861, and joined the Confederate States on March 2, 1861, after it had replaced its governor, Sam Houston, who had refused to take an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy. As with those of other states, the Declaration of Secession was not recognized by the US government at Washington, DC. Some Texan military units fought in the Civil War east of the Mississippi River, but Texas was more useful for supplying soldiers and horses for the Confederate Army. Texas' supply role lasted until mid-1863, when Union gunboats started to control the Mississippi River, which prevented large transfers of men, horses, or cattle. Some cotton was sold in Mexico, but most of the crop became useless because of the Union's naval blockade of Galveston, Houston, and other ports.

  1. ^ Civil War on the Home Front | Texas Almanac. Retrieved January 30, 2021.