This following list features abbreviated names of mathematical functions, function-like operators and other mathematical terminology. This list is limited to abbreviations of two or more letters (excluding number sets). The capitalization of some of these abbreviations is not standardized – different authors might use different capitalizations. A – adele ring or algebraic numbers. AC – Axiom of Choice, or set of absolutely continuous functions. a.c. – absolutely continuous. acrd – inverse chord function. ad – adjoint representation (or adjoint action) of a Lie group. adj – adjugate of a matrix. a.e. – almost everywhere. AFSOC - Assume for the sake of contradiction Ai – Airy function. AL – Action limit. Alt – alternating group (Alt(n) is also written as An.) A.M. – arithmetic mean. arccos – inverse cosine function. arccosec – inverse cosecant function. (Also written as arccsc.) arccot – inverse cotangent function. arccsc – inverse cosecant function. (Also written as arccosec.) arcexc – inverse excosecant function. (Also written as arcexcsc, arcexcosec.) arcexcosec – inverse excosecant function. (Also written as arcexcsc, arcexc.) arcexcsc – inverse excosecant function. (Also written as arcexcosec, arcexc.) arcexs – inverse exsecant function. (Also written as arcexsec.) arcexsec – inverse exsecant function. (Also written as arcexs.) arcosech – inverse hyperbolic cosecant function. (Also written as arcsch.) arcosh – inverse hyperbolic cosine function. arcoth – inverse hyperbolic cotangent function. arcsch – inverse hyperbolic cosecant function. (Also written as arcosech.) arcsec – inverse secant function. arcsin – inverse sine function. arctan – inverse tangent function. arctan2 – inverse tangent function with two arguments. (Also written as atan2.) arg – argument of. arg max – argument of the maximum. arg min – argument of the minimum. arsech – inverse hyperbolic secant function. arsinh – inverse hyperbolic sine function. artanh – inverse hyperbolic tangent function. a.s. – almost surely. atan2 – inverse tangent function with two arguments. (Also written as arctan2.) A.P. – arithmetic progression. Aut – automorphism group. bd – boundary. (Also written as fr or ∂.) Bi – Airy function of the second kind. BIDMAS – Brackets, Indices, Divide, Multiply, Add, Subtract. Bias – bias of an estimator . BWOC – by way of contradiction. C – complex numbers. Card – cardinality of a set. (Card(X) is also written #X, ♯X or |X|.) cas – cos + sin function. cdf – cumulative distribution function. c.f. – cumulative frequency. c.c. – complex conjugate. char – characteristic of a ring. Chi – hyperbolic cosine integral function. Ci – cosine integral function. cis – cos + i sin function. (Also written as expi.) Cl – conjugacy class. cl – topological closure. CLT – central limit theorem. cod, codom – codomain. cok, coker – cokernel. colsp – column space of a matrix. conv – convex hull of a set. Cor – corollary. corr – correlation. cos – cosine function. cosec – cosecant function. (Also written as csc.) cosech – hyperbolic cosecant function. (Also written as csch.) cosh – hyperbolic cosine function. cosiv – coversine function. (Also written as cover, covers, cvs.) cot – cotangent function. (Also written as ctg.) coth – hyperbolic cotangent function. cov – covariance of a pair of random variables. cover – coversine function. (Also written as covers, cvs, cosiv.) covercos – covercosine function. (Also written as cvc.) covers – coversine function. (Also written as cover, cvs, cosiv.) crd – chord function. csc – cosecant function. (Also written as cosec.) csch – hyperbolic cosecant function. (Also written as cosech.) ctg – cotangent function. (Also written as cot.) curl – curl of a vector field. (Also written as rot.) cvc – covercosine function. (Also written as covercos.) cvs – coversine function. (Also written as cover, covers, cosiv.) def – define or definition. deg – degree of a polynomial, or other recursively-defined objects such as well-formed formulas. (Also written as ∂.) del – del, a differential operator. (Also written as ∇{\displaystyle \nabla }.) det – determinant of a matrix or linear transformation. dim – dimension of a vector space. div – divergence of a vector field. DNE – a solution for an expression does not exist, or is undefined. Generally used with limits and integrals. dom, domain – domain of a function. (Or, more generally, a relation.) End – categories of endomorphisms. Ei – exponential integral function. epi – epigraph of a function. Eqn – equation. erf – error function. erfc – complementary error function. erfcx – scaled complementary error function. erfi – imaginary error function. etr – exponent of the trace. exc – excosecant function. (Also written as excsc, excosec.) excosec – excosecant function. (Also written as excsc, exc.) excsc – excosecant function. (Also written as excosec, exc.) exs – exsecant function. (Also written as exsec.) exsec – exsecant function. (Also written as exs.) exp – exponential function. (exp x is also written as ex.) expi – cos + i sin function. (Also written as cis.) expm1 – exponential minus 1 function. (Also written as exp1m.) exp1m – exponential minus 1 function. (Also written as expm1.) Ext – Ext functor. ext – exterior. extr – a set of extreme points of a set. FIP – finite intersection property. FOC – first order condition. FOL – first-order logic. fr – boundary. (Also written as bd or ∂.) Frob – Frobenius endomorphism. Gal – Galois group. (Also written as Γ.) gcd – greatest common divisor of two numbers. (Also written as hcf.) gd – Gudermannian function. GF – Galois field. GF – generating function. GL – general linear group. G.M. – geometric mean. glb – greatest lower bound. (Also written as inf.) G.P. – geometric progression. grad – gradient of a function. graph – graph of a function. H – quaternion numbers. hacover – hacoversine function. (Also written as hacovers, hcv.) hacovercos – hacovercosine function. (Also written as hcc.) hacovers – hacoversine function. (Also written as hacover, hcv.) hav – haversine function. (Also written as sem.) havercos – havercosine function. (Also written as hvc.) h.c. – Hermitian conjugate, often used as part of + h.c. (Also written as H.c.) hcc – hacovercosine function. (Also written as hacovercos.) hcv – hacoversine function. (Also written as hacover, hacovers.) hcf – highest common factor of two numbers. (Also written as gcd.) H.M. – harmonic mean. HOL – higher-order logic. Hom – Hom functor. hom – hom-class. hot – higher order term. HOTPO – half or triple plus one. hvc – havercosine function. (Also written as havercos.) hyp – hypograph of a function. iff – if and only if. IH – induction hypothesis. iid – independent and identically distributed random variables. Im – imaginary part of a complex number. (Also written as ℑ{\displaystyle \Im }.) im – image. inf – infimum of a set. (Also written as glb.) int – interior. I.o. – Infinitely often. ker – kernel. lb – binary logarithm (log2). (Also written as ld.) lcm – lowest common multiple (a.k.a. least common multiple) of two numbers. LCHS – locally compact Hausdorff second countable. ld – binary logarithm (log2). (Also written as lb.) lsc – lower semi-continuity. lerp – linear interpolation. lg – common logarithm (log10) or binary logarithm (log2). LHS – left-hand side of an equation. Li – offset logarithmic integral function. li – logarithmic integral function or linearly independent. lim – limit of a sequence, or of a function. lim inf – limit inferior. lim sup – limit superior. LLN – law of large numbers. ln – natural logarithm, loge. lnp1 – natural logarithm plus 1 function. ln1p – natural logarithm plus 1 function. log – logarithm. (If without a subscript, this may mean either log10 or loge.) logh – natural logarithm, loge. LST – language of set theory. lub – least upper bound. (Also written sup.) max – maximum of a set. MGF – moment-generating function. M.I. – mathematical induction. min – minimum of a set. mod – modulo. Mp – metaplectic group. mtanh – modified hyperbolic tangent function. (Also written as mth.) mth – modified hyperbolic tangent function. (Also written as mtanh.) mx – matrix. N – natural numbers. NAND – not-and in logic. No. – number. NOR – not-or in logic. NTS – need to show. Null, null – (See Kernel.) Nullity, nullity – nullity. O – octonion numbers. OBGF – ordinary bivariate generating function. ob – object class. ord – ordinal number of a well-ordered set. pdf – probability density function. pf – proof. PGL – projective general linear group. Pin – pin group. pmf – probability mass function. Pn – previous number. Pr – probability of an event. (See Probability theory. Also written as P or P{\displaystyle \mathbb {P} }.) probit – probit function. PSL – projective special linear group. PSO – projective orthogonal group. PSU – projective special unitary group. PU – projective unitary group. Q – rational numbers. QED – "Quod erat demonstrandum", a Latin phrase used at the end of a definitive proof. QEF – "Quod erat faciendum", a Latin phrase sometimes used at the end of a geometrical construction. R – real numbers. ran – range of a function. rank – rank of a matrix. (Also written as rk.) Re – real part of a complex number. (Also written ℜ{\displaystyle \Re }.) resp – respectively. RHS – right-hand side of an equation. rk – rank. (Also written as rank.) RMS, rms – root mean square. rng – non-unital ring. rot – rotor of a vector field. (Also written as curl.) rowsp – row space of a matrix. RTP – required to prove. RV – random variable. (Also written as R.V.) S – sedenion numbers. SD – standard deviation. SE – standard error. sec – secant function. sech – hyperbolic secant function. seg – initial segment of. sem – haversine function. (Also written as hav.) SFIP – strong finite intersection property. sgn – sign function. Shi – hyperbolic sine integral function. Si – sine integral function. sigmoid – sigmoid function. sin – sine function. sinc – sinc function. sinh – hyperbolic sine function. siv – versine function. (Also written as ver, vers.) SL – special linear group. SO – special orthogonal group. SOC – second order condition. Soln – solution. Sp – symplectic group. Sp – trace of a matrix, from the German "spur" used for the trace. sp, span – linear span of a set of vectors. (Also written with angle brackets.) Spec – spectrum of a ring. Spin – spin group. s.t. – such that or so that or subject to. st – standard part function. STP – [it is] sufficient to prove. SU – special unitary group. sup – supremum of a set. (Also written as lub, which stands for least upper bound.) supp – support of a function. swish – swish function, an activation function in data analysis. Sym – symmetric group (Sym(n) is also written as Sn) or symmetric algebra. tan – tangent function. (Also written as tgn, tg.) tanh – hyperbolic tangent function. TFAE – the following are equivalent. tg – tangent function. (Also written as tan, tgn.) tgn – tangent function. (Also written as tan, tg.) Thm – theorem. Tor – Tor functor. Tr – field trace. tr – trace of a matrix or linear transformation. (Also written as Sp.) undef – a function or expression is undefined. usc – upper semi-continuity. V – volume. var – variance of a random variable. vcs – vercosine function. (Also written as vercos.) ver – versine function. (Also written as vers, siv.) vercos – vercosine function. (Also written as vcs.) vers – versine function. (Also written as ver, siv.) W^5 – which was what we wanted. Synonym of Q.E.D. walog – without any loss of generality. wff – well-formed formula. whp – with high probability. wlog – without loss of generality. WMA – we may assume. WO – well-ordered set. WOP – well-ordered principle. w.p. – with probability. wp1 – with probability 1. wrt – with respect to or with regard to. WTP – want to prove. WTS – want to show. XOR – exclusive or in logic. Z – integer numbers. ZF – Zermelo–Fraenkel axioms of set theory. ZFC – Zermelo–Fraenkel axioms (with the Axiom of Choice) of set theory.