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Jersey

This article is about the island in the English Channel. For the nearby island, see Guernsey. For the U.S. state, see New Jersey. For other uses, see Jersey (disambiguation).

Coordinates: 49°11′24″N 2°6′36″W / 49.19000°N 2.11000°W / 49.19000; -2.11000

Bailiwick of Jersey

Bailliage de Jersey  (French)
Bailliage dé Jèrri  (Norman)
Crown dependency
Motto: 
Dieu et Mon Droit (French)
"God and My Right"
Anthem: "God Save the Queen"
Regional anthem: "Island Home"[1]
Location of Jersey (green) in Europe (dark grey)
Location of Jersey (green)

in Europe (dark grey)

Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Separation from the Duchy of Normandy1204
Capital
and largest parish [b]
Saint Helier [a]
49°11.4′N 2°6.6′W / 49.1900°N 2.1100°W / 49.1900; -2.1100
Official languagesEnglish, Jèrriais and French[c]
Common languagesPortuguese and Polish
Ethnic groups
(2011)
46.4% Jersey
32.7% British
8.2% Portuguese
3.3% Polish
2.4% Irish
0.9% French
3.8% Other European
1.3% Asian
0.4% African
0.7% multiracial[2]
Religion
(2015)[3]
39% non-religious

23% Anglican
22% Catholic
7% Other Christian

2% Other religion
Demonym(s)Islanders, Jerseyman, Jerseywoman, Jersian, Jèrriais(e)
GovernmentParliamentary democratic constitutional monarchy
• Monarch
Elizabeth II
Stephen Dalton
• Bailiff
Tim Le Cocq[4]
John Le Fondré Jr
LegislatureStates Assembly
Area
• Total
118.2[5] km2 (45.6 sq mi) (unranked)
• Water (%)
0
Highest elevation
469 ft (143 m)
Population
• 2019 estimate
107,800[6] (196th)
• Density
912/km2 (2,362.1/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2015 estimate
• Total
$6.0 billion (£4.57 billion)[7] (not ranked)
• Per capita
$60,000 (£45,783) (not ranked)
GDP (nominal)2019 estimate
• Total
£4.885 billion [8]
• Per capita
£45,320
HDI (2008)Steady 0.985[9]
very high · not ranked
CurrencyPound sterling
Jersey pound (£) (GBP)
Time zoneUTC±00:00 (GMT)
 • Summer (DST)
UTC+01:00 (BST)
Date formatdd/mm/yyyy
Mains electricity230 V–50 Hz
Driving sideleft
Calling code+44
UK postcode
JE1 – JE5
ISO 3166 codeJE
Internet TLD.je

Jersey (/ˈdʒɜːrzi/ JUR-zee, French: [ʒɛʁzɛ] (About this soundlisten); Jèrriais: Jèrri [dʒɛri]), now officially the Bailiwick of Jersey (French: Bailliage de Jersey; Jèrriais: Bailliage dé Jèrri), is an island and British Crown Dependency[10] near the coast of Normandy, France.[11] It is the second-closest of the Channel Islands to France, after Alderney. Jersey was part of the Duchy of Normandy, whose dukes went on to become kings of England from 1066. After Normandy was lost by the kings of England in the 13th century, and the ducal title surrendered to France, Jersey and the other Channel Islands remained attached to the English Crown. Jersey and the Jèrriais people has been described as a nation.[12][13]

The Bailiwick consists of the Island of Jersey, the largest of the Channel Islands, along with surrounding uninhabited islands and rocks collectively named Les Dirouilles,[14] Les Écréhous,[14] Les Minquiers,[15] Les Pierres de Lecq,[16] and other reefs. Although the Bailiwicks of Jersey and Guernsey are often referred to collectively as the Channel Islands, the "Channel Islands" are not a constitutional unit though the islands have sometimes cooperated politically, for example running shared overseas offices. Jersey has a separate relationship to the Crown from the other Crown dependencies of Guernsey and the Isle of Man, although all are held by the monarch of the United Kingdom.[17]

Jersey is a self-governing parliamentary democracy under a constitutional monarchy, with its own financial, legal and judicial systems,[6] and the power of self-determination.[18] The Lieutenant Governor on the island is the personal representative of the Queen. Jersey is not part of the United Kingdom,[19] and has an international identity separate from that of the UK,[20] but the UK is constitutionally responsible for the defence of Jersey.[21] Unlike the UK, Jersey was never part of the European Union, however Brexit still had an impact on Jersey's relationship with Europe.[22]

British cultural influence on the island is evident in its use of English as the main language and Pound sterling as its primary currency, even if some people still speak or understand Jèrriais, the local form of the Norman language, and place names with French or Norman origins abound. Additional British cultural commonalities include driving on the left, access to the BBC and ITV regions, a school curriculum following that of England, and the popularity of British sports, including cricket.[23][24]

  1. ^ "Anthem for Jersey". Government of Jersey.
  2. ^ "Bulletin 2: Place of birth, ethnicity, length of residency, marital status" (PDF). Government of Jersey. Retrieved 12 September 2013.
  3. ^ Jersey Annual Social Survey: 2015 (PDF). States of Jersey. p. 8. Retrieved 2 December 2015.
  4. ^ "Members". statesassembly.gov.je. Retrieved 14 January 2020.
  5. ^ Cite error: The named reference figures was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  6. ^ a b "Jersey's population increases by 1100 in the last year". ITV. 18 June 2020. Retrieved 18 June 2020.
  7. ^ "Measuring Jersey's Economy" (PDF). Government of Jersey. 28 September 2016. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
  8. ^ "National accounts: GVA and GDP". Statistics Jersey. 2019. Retrieved 4 January 2021.
  9. ^ "Filling Gaps in the Human Development Index" (PDF). United Nations ESCAP. February 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 October 2011.
  10. ^ "Facts about Jersey". Government of Jersey.
  11. ^ "Where is Jersey". Jersey Tourism. Archived from the original on 20 August 2006. Retrieved 15 October 2006.
  12. ^ Minahan, James (2000). One Europe, Many Nations: A Historical Dictionary of European National Groups. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 349. ISBN 978-0-313-30984-7.
  13. ^ Quayle, T. (1815). A general view of the agriculture and present state of the islands on the coast of Normandy. London: Board of Agriculture. p. 48.
  14. ^ a b "Les Écrehous & Les Dirouilles, Jersey". Ramsar Sites Information Service. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  15. ^ "Les Minquiers, Jersey". Ramsar Sites Information Service. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  16. ^ "Les Pierres de Lecq". Ramsar Sites Information Service. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  17. ^ House of Commons Justice Committee (30 March 2010). Crown dependencies. 8th Report of Session 2009–10 (HC 56-1 ed.). The Stationery Office Ltd. ISBN 978-0-215-55334-8.
  18. ^ "COMMON POLICY FOR EXTERNAL RELATIONS" (PDF). Government of Jersey. Retrieved 8 December 2012.
  19. ^ "Crown Dependencies". Royal.gov.uk. Retrieved 15 October 2020.
  20. ^ "Framework for developing the international identity of Jersey" (PDF). Government of Jersey. Retrieved 12 September 2013.
  21. ^ "Civil Unreported Templates". Statesassembly.gov.je. Archived from the original on 11 May 2011. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  22. ^ "Jersey's relationship with the UK and EU". Government of Jersey. Gov.je. Retrieved 2 November 2016.
  23. ^ "Facts about Jersey". Government of Jersey. 30 November 2015.
  24. ^ "Understanding the curriculum". Government of Jersey. 30 November 2015.


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