The immortal DNA strand hypothesis was proposed in 1975 by John Cairns as a mechanism for adult stem cells to minimize mutations in their genomes.[1] This hypothesis proposes that instead of segregating their DNA during mitosis in a random manner, adult stem cells divide their DNA asymmetrically, and retain a distinct template set of DNA strands (parental strands) in each division. By retaining the same set of template DNA strands, adult stem cells would pass mutations arising from errors in DNA replication on to non-stem cell daughters that soon terminally differentiate (end mitotic divisions and become a functional cell). Passing on these replication errors would allow adult stem cells to reduce their rate of accumulation of mutations that could lead to serious genetic disorders such as cancer.
Although evidence for this mechanism exists, whether it is a mechanism acting in adult stem cells in vivo is still controversial.
- ^ Cairns, John (1975). "Mutation selection and the natural history of cancer". Nature. 255 (5505): 197–200. Bibcode:1975Natur.255..197C. doi:10.1038/255197a0. PMID 1143315. S2CID 4216433.